DAMPAK KECANDUAN MEDIA SOSIAL TERHADAP KESEHATAN MENTAL REMAJA: STUDI CROSS SECTIONAL
THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ADDICTION ON THE MENTAL HEALTH OF ADOLESCENTS: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52236/ih.v12i1.507Keywords:
Kecanduan, remaja, kesehatan mental, media sosial, remajaAbstract
Latar belakang: Penggunaan media sosial telah dikaitkan dengan berbagai masalah kesehatan mental, termasuk depresi dan kecemasan. Memahami dampak penggunaan media sosial terhadap kesehatan mental sangat penting karena dapat menginformasikan strategi untuk mempromosikan kesehatan di era digital. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kecanduan media sosial dengan kondisi kesehatan mental pada remaja. Subjek dan Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross-sectional yang dilakukan di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Empat Lima, Jurusan Keperawatan, Surakarta, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia. Sebanyak 215 partisipan diikutsertakan dalam penelitian ini. Variabel independen meliputi usia, frekuensi beribadah, jenis media sosial, durasi penggunaan media sosial, dan skor kecanduan media sosial. Variabel dependen adalah kondisi kesehatan mental. Data kondisi kesehatan mental dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan Kuesioner Penilaian Kondisi Kesehatan Mental. Kecanduan media sosial diukur dengan menggunakan Kuesioner Penilaian Kecanduan Media Sosial. Data dianalisis dengan regresi logistik berganda. Hasil: Berdasarkan analisis regresi logistik berganda, partisipan yang secara teratur menggunakan media sosial selama lebih dari dua jam memiliki kemungkinan 1,55 kali lebih besar untuk memiliki kesehatan mental yang buruk dibandingkan individu yang hanya menggunakannya selama dua jam atau kurang dari itu (aOR = 1,55; 95%CI = 0,84 hingga 2,86; p = 0,018). Jika dibandingkan dengan peserta dengan skor kecanduan media sosial yang rendah, peserta dengan kecanduan media sosial yang tinggi memiliki 6,93 kali lebih besar kemungkinannya untuk memiliki kesehatan mental yang buruk (aOR= 6,93; 95% CI=3,63 hingga 13,22; p=0,000). Kesimpulan: Menggunakan media sosial selama lebih dari dua jam dikaitkan dengan risiko kesehatan mental yang lebih tinggi. Skor kecanduan media sosial yang tinggi secara signifikan terkait dengan kemungkinan kesehatan mental yang buruk. Kata kunci: Kecanduan, remaja, kesehatan mental, media sosial, remajaReferences
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Berryman, C., Ferguson, C. J., & Negy, C. (2018). Social Media Use and Mental Health among Young Adults. The Psychiatric Quarterly, 89(2), 307–314. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11126-017-9535-6
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Coyne, S. M., Rogers, A. A., Zurcher, J. D., Stockdale, L., & Booth, M. (2020). Does time spent using social media impact mental health?: An eight year longitudinal study. Computers in Human Behavior, 104, 106160.
Czeisler, M. É., Lane, R. I., Petrosky, E., Wiley, J. F., Christensen, A., Njai, R., Weaver, M. D., Robbins, R., Facer-Childs, E. R., Barger, L. K., & others. (2020). Mental health, substance use, and suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic—United States, June 24--30, 2020. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 69(32), 1049.
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Escobar-Viera, C. G., Whitfield, D. L., Wessel, C. B., Shensa, A., Sidani, J. E., Brown, A. L., Chandler, C. J., Hoffman, B. L., Marshal, M. P., & Primack, B. A. (2018). For Better or for Worse? A Systematic Review of the Evidence on Social Media Use and Depression Among Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Minorities. JMIR Mental Health, 5(3), e10496. https://doi.org/10.2196/10496
Giacco, D., Palumbo, C., Strappelli, N., Catapano, F., & Priebe, S. (2016). Social contacts and loneliness in people with psychotic and mood disorders. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 66, 59–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2015.12.008
Gowen, K., Deschaine, M., Gruttadara, D., & Markey, D. (2012). Young adults with mental health conditions and social networking websites: seeking tools to build community. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 35(3), 245–250. https://doi.org/10.2975/35.3.2012.245.250
Hull M. (2022). Anxiety Disorders Facts and Statistics. https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2022/02/27/depression-worldwide/
Karim, F., Oyewande, A. A., Abdalla, L. F., Chaudhry Ehsanullah, R., & Khan, S. (2020). Social Media Use and Its Connection to Mental Health: A Systematic Review. Cureus, 12(6), e8627. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.8627
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Mohamad, M., Juahir, H., mat ali salim, nor azman, Kamarudin, M. khairul amri, Karim, F., & Badarilah, N. (2017). Developing Health Status Index using Factor Analysis. Journal of Fundamental of Applied Sciences, 9, 82–92. https://doi.org/10.4314/jfas.v9i2s.6
Naslund, J. A., Bondre, A., Torous, J., & Aschbrenner, K. A. (2020). Social Media and Mental Health: Benefits, Risks, and Opportunities for Research and Practice. Journal of Technology in Behavioral Science, 5(3), 245–257. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41347-020-00134-x
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O’Reilly, M., Dogra, N., Whiteman, N., Hughes, J., Eruyar, S., & Reilly, P. (2018). Is social media bad for mental health and wellbeing? Exploring the perspectives of adolescents. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 23(4), 601–613. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359104518775154
Orben, A. (2020). Teenagers, screens and social media: a narrative review of reviews and key studies. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 55(4), 407–414. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-019-01825-4
Rahman, N. I. A., Ismail, S., Seman, T. N. A. B. T., Rosli, N. F. A. B., Jusoh, S. A. B. M., Dali, W. P. E. W., Islam, M. Z., & Haque, M. (2013). Stress among preclinical medical students of University Sultan Zainal Abidin. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 3(11), 76–81.
Riskesdas. (2023). Global and Indonesian Mental Health. Seribu Tujuan. https://www.seributujuan.id/en/global-and-indonesian-mental-health
Roberts, J. A., & David, M. E. (2023). Instagram and TikTok Flow States and Their Association with Psychological Well-Being. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 26(2), 80–89. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2022.0117
Royal Society for Public Health. (2017). Social media and young people’ s mental health and wellbeing. Royal Society for Public Health, May, 32.
Sampasa-Kanyinga, H., Hamilton, H. A., Mougharbel, F., & Chaput, J.-P. (2023). Heavy social media use and posting regret are associated with lower self-esteem among middle and high school students. Canadian Journal of Public Health = Revue Canadienne de Sante Publique. https://doi.org/10.17269/s41997-023-00801-5
Sampasa-Kanyinga, H., & Lewis, R. F. (2015). Frequent Use of Social Networking Sites Is Associated with Poor Psychological Functioning Among Children and Adolescents. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, 18(7), 380–385. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2015.0055
Schønning, V., Hjetland, G. J., Aarø, L. E., & Skogen, J. C. (2020). Social Media Use and Mental Health and Well-Being Among Adolescents - A Scoping Review. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 1949. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01949
Searing L. (2022). Depression Affects about 280 Million People Worldwide. https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2022/02/27/depression-worldwide/
Sperling, J. (2023). The Social Dilemma: Social Media and Your Mental Health. McLean Hospital. https://www.mcleanhospital.org/essential/it-or-not-social-medias-affecting-your-mental-health
Spinzy, Y., Nitzan, U., Becker, G., Bloch, Y., & Fennig, S. (2012). Does the Internet offer social opportunities for individuals with schizophrenia? A cross-sectional pilot study. Psychiatry Research, 198(2), 319–320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2012.02.022
Warrender, D., & Milne, R. (2020). How use of social media and social comparison affect mental health. Nursing Times, 116(3), 56–59. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,shib,cpid&custid=s6264444&db=ccm&AN=142149675&site=ehost-live&scope=site
Widiyanto, A., Murti, B., & Soemanto, R. B. (2018). Multilevel analysis on the Socio-Cultural, lifestyle factors, and school environment on the risk of overweight in adolescents, Karanganyar district, central Java. Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 3(1), 94-104.
Bartosik-Purgat, M., Filimon, N., & Kiygi-Calli, M. (2017). Social media and higher education: An international perspective. Economics and Sociology, 2017, Vol. 10, N{ú}m. 1, P. 181-191.
Berryman, C., Ferguson, C. J., & Negy, C. (2018). Social Media Use and Mental Health among Young Adults. The Psychiatric Quarterly, 89(2), 307–314. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11126-017-9535-6
Beyari, H. (2023). The Relationship between Social Media and the Increase in Mental Health Problems. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032383
Coyne, S. M., Rogers, A. A., Zurcher, J. D., Stockdale, L., & Booth, M. (2020). Does time spent using social media impact mental health?: An eight year longitudinal study. Computers in Human Behavior, 104, 106160.
Czeisler, M. É., Lane, R. I., Petrosky, E., Wiley, J. F., Christensen, A., Njai, R., Weaver, M. D., Robbins, R., Facer-Childs, E. R., Barger, L. K., & others. (2020). Mental health, substance use, and suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic—United States, June 24--30, 2020. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 69(32), 1049.
Dossi, F., Buja, A., & Montecchio, L. (2022). Association between religiosity or spirituality and internet addiction: A systematic review. Frontiers in Public Health, 10, 980334. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.980334
Escobar-Viera, C. G., Whitfield, D. L., Wessel, C. B., Shensa, A., Sidani, J. E., Brown, A. L., Chandler, C. J., Hoffman, B. L., Marshal, M. P., & Primack, B. A. (2018). For Better or for Worse? A Systematic Review of the Evidence on Social Media Use and Depression Among Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Minorities. JMIR Mental Health, 5(3), e10496. https://doi.org/10.2196/10496
Giacco, D., Palumbo, C., Strappelli, N., Catapano, F., & Priebe, S. (2016). Social contacts and loneliness in people with psychotic and mood disorders. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 66, 59–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2015.12.008
Gowen, K., Deschaine, M., Gruttadara, D., & Markey, D. (2012). Young adults with mental health conditions and social networking websites: seeking tools to build community. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 35(3), 245–250. https://doi.org/10.2975/35.3.2012.245.250
Hull M. (2022). Anxiety Disorders Facts and Statistics. https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2022/02/27/depression-worldwide/
Karim, F., Oyewande, A. A., Abdalla, L. F., Chaudhry Ehsanullah, R., & Khan, S. (2020). Social Media Use and Its Connection to Mental Health: A Systematic Review. Cureus, 12(6), e8627. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.8627
Kemenkes (2018). Pengertian Kesehatan Mental. https://ayosehat.kemkes.go.id/-pengertian-kesehatan-mental
Khalaf A M, Alubied A A, Khalaf A M, et al. (2023). The Impact of Social Media on the Mental Health of Adolescents and Young Adults: A Systematic Review. Cureus, 15(8). https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.42990
Mohamad, M., Juahir, H., mat ali salim, nor azman, Kamarudin, M. khairul amri, Karim, F., & Badarilah, N. (2017). Developing Health Status Index using Factor Analysis. Journal of Fundamental of Applied Sciences, 9, 82–92. https://doi.org/10.4314/jfas.v9i2s.6
Naslund, J. A., Bondre, A., Torous, J., & Aschbrenner, K. A. (2020). Social Media and Mental Health: Benefits, Risks, and Opportunities for Research and Practice. Journal of Technology in Behavioral Science, 5(3), 245–257. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41347-020-00134-x
National Adolescent Mental Health Survey. (2022). Hasil Survei I-NAMHS: Satu dari Tiga Remaja Indonesia Memiliki Masalah Kesehatan Mental. Universitas Gadjah Mada. https://ugm.ac.id/id/berita/23086-hasil-survei-i-namhs-satu-dari-tiga-remaja-indonesia-memiliki-masalah-kesehatan-mental/
O’Reilly, M., Dogra, N., Hughes, J., Reilly, P., George, R., & Whiteman, N. (2019). Potential of social media in promoting mental health in adolescents. Health Promotion International, 34(5), 981–991. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/day056
O’Reilly, M., Dogra, N., Whiteman, N., Hughes, J., Eruyar, S., & Reilly, P. (2018). Is social media bad for mental health and wellbeing? Exploring the perspectives of adolescents. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 23(4), 601–613. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359104518775154
Orben, A. (2020). Teenagers, screens and social media: a narrative review of reviews and key studies. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 55(4), 407–414. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-019-01825-4
Rahman, N. I. A., Ismail, S., Seman, T. N. A. B. T., Rosli, N. F. A. B., Jusoh, S. A. B. M., Dali, W. P. E. W., Islam, M. Z., & Haque, M. (2013). Stress among preclinical medical students of University Sultan Zainal Abidin. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 3(11), 76–81.
Riskesdas. (2023). Global and Indonesian Mental Health. Seribu Tujuan. https://www.seributujuan.id/en/global-and-indonesian-mental-health
Roberts, J. A., & David, M. E. (2023). Instagram and TikTok Flow States and Their Association with Psychological Well-Being. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 26(2), 80–89. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2022.0117
Royal Society for Public Health. (2017). Social media and young people’ s mental health and wellbeing. Royal Society for Public Health, May, 32.
Sampasa-Kanyinga, H., Hamilton, H. A., Mougharbel, F., & Chaput, J.-P. (2023). Heavy social media use and posting regret are associated with lower self-esteem among middle and high school students. Canadian Journal of Public Health = Revue Canadienne de Sante Publique. https://doi.org/10.17269/s41997-023-00801-5
Sampasa-Kanyinga, H., & Lewis, R. F. (2015). Frequent Use of Social Networking Sites Is Associated with Poor Psychological Functioning Among Children and Adolescents. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, 18(7), 380–385. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2015.0055
Schønning, V., Hjetland, G. J., Aarø, L. E., & Skogen, J. C. (2020). Social Media Use and Mental Health and Well-Being Among Adolescents - A Scoping Review. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 1949. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01949
Searing L. (2022). Depression Affects about 280 Million People Worldwide. https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2022/02/27/depression-worldwide/
Sperling, J. (2023). The Social Dilemma: Social Media and Your Mental Health. McLean Hospital. https://www.mcleanhospital.org/essential/it-or-not-social-medias-affecting-your-mental-health
Spinzy, Y., Nitzan, U., Becker, G., Bloch, Y., & Fennig, S. (2012). Does the Internet offer social opportunities for individuals with schizophrenia? A cross-sectional pilot study. Psychiatry Research, 198(2), 319–320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2012.02.022
Warrender, D., & Milne, R. (2020). How use of social media and social comparison affect mental health. Nursing Times, 116(3), 56–59. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,shib,cpid&custid=s6264444&db=ccm&AN=142149675&site=ehost-live&scope=site
Widiyanto, A., Murti, B., & Soemanto, R. B. (2018). Multilevel analysis on the Socio-Cultural, lifestyle factors, and school environment on the risk of overweight in adolescents, Karanganyar district, central Java. Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 3(1), 94-104.
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Published
2024-01-25
How to Cite
Ernawati, E. (2024). DAMPAK KECANDUAN MEDIA SOSIAL TERHADAP KESEHATAN MENTAL REMAJA: STUDI CROSS SECTIONAL: THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ADDICTION ON THE MENTAL HEALTH OF ADOLESCENTS: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY. Intan Husada : Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan, 12(01), 78–92. https://doi.org/10.52236/ih.v12i1.507
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